Civil Engineering Typical Drawings : Kerbs

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Types of kerbs and their dimensions

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Field Density Test

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  The sand cone method is used for field density test in our highway construction. In the field, the dry density test is carried out for check the compaction of layers. Compaction is most useful for the preparation of sub base grade and other pavement layers and in construction of embankment in order to increase the stability and to decrease settlement. In field compaction, the compacting moisture content is first controlled at optimum moisture content and the adequacy of rolling or compaction is controlled by checking the dry density achieved and comparing with the maximum dry density. Base layer-98% Sub base layer-98% Type 1 layer-95% ABC layer-100% Road shoulder- 98% Field density test Testing procedure: The weight of empty sand cone is measured and then filled with dry sand and weighted. The soil excavated from the hole is collected and weighted. After weighting, a specimen of soil is taken to determine it water content. The sand cone is placed on...
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METHOD OF INTERNAL & EXTERNAL PLASTERING ON BRICK WALLS & CONCRETE SURFACES

Method of Plastering. Internal plastering on surfaces of brick and concrete. External wall plastering. Soffit plastering / Soffit finishing with cement based easy plaster material and wall putty. Improving joint of brick walls & structural concrete joints. Internal Plastering on surfaces of Brick and Concrete. Surface where plastering is to be done will be cleaned. Level pegs on walls will be fixed with reference to the off lines to brick walls set out in floors. (Using centre plumb bob and nylon thread). All the brick walls will be watered before pasting mortar on walls. First coat mortar filling (1:4 Cement and Sand) upto 15 mm will be applied on surfaces where required mortar thickness exceed 25mm. Walls and columns will be plastered 1:4 Cement and Sand to achieve semi rough finished surface. Vertical joint of structural columns / walls & brick walls will be treated by fixing 200mm width chicken mesh with wire nails / concre...
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Method of Plastering

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Method of Plastering Internal plastering on surfaces of brick and concrete. External wall plastering. Soffit plastering / Soffit finishing with cement based easy plaster material and wall putty. Improving joint of brick walls & structural concrete joints. Internal Plastering on surfaces of Brick and Concrete Surface where plastering is to be done will be cleaned. Level pegs on walls will be fixed with reference to the off lines to brick walls set out in floors. (Using centre plumb bob and nylon thread). All the brick walls will be watered before pasting mortar on walls. First coat mortar filling (1:4 Cement and Sand) up to 15 mm will be applied on surfaces where required mortar thickness exceed 25mm. Walls and columns will be plastered 1:4 Cement and Sand to achieve semi rough finished surface. Vertical joint of structural columns / walls & brick walls will be treated by fixing 200mm width chicken mesh with wire na...
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CRACK TREATMENT OF THE ASPHALT BINDER COURSE

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  Main Break Water(MBW) access road occurs several cracks on the asphalt binder course. The road cracks are monitored and investigated with specialist from RDA Research & Development. This report describes the reason and remedial method of the cracks based on the investigation and consultation. MBW access road structure consists of fallowing cross section and the core samples have been taken on the cracks. According to core sample data, can be observed that the crack was started from CBM and reflected to the binder course surface. CRACK INVESTIGATION The crack survey carried out for the entire road and investigation detail summarized as an attached sheet. Core samples were taken from the jointly selected locations with the engineer. MBW access road cracks were categorized into two types based on crack surface appearance. Transverse cracks Longitudinal cracks ...
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Survey & levelling

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    Preliminary work in road construction is surveying & leveling works. This consists of Traverse Survey, TBM Survey, and Centre Line Setting out, Centre Line marking, Cross Section Survey and Submittal of Drawings. Traverse Survey At the commencement of contract all the basic traverse points will be checked and if any are found to be missing or appear to have been disturbed, necessary arrangements should be made to re-establish the points and traverse survey is carried out after that. Establishing TBMS We did not use survey Department bench marks .The permanent concrete cube was selected to permanent bench mark. It height was assumed hundred meters. But this point is not sufficient for construction purposes. So reference to this point Temporary bench marks (TBM) should be established. TBMs are used to transfer reduce levels in road construction. Temporary bench marks should be established at the rate of four per km and also at or near all structures. When e...
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