Machinery At Site

Machinery Use At Road Project

There are many operations to be done in a construction project. Such as demolishing excavation of Earth, transport of material, cleaning etc. for that, most of these operation machines are used Different machines are used difference purpose.

The selecting of machinery is done accordingly

• Nature of work
• Method of construction
• Time allowed for the work

Earth Moving Equipment

Almost all civil engineering project, start with earth excavating work on earth filling even for project where only earth filling is involved. It is necessary to excavate earth from other location for that various types of machines equipment general used such as,

Excavators

Excavators are very popular earth machine equipment it is mainly using for demolishing work & excavation. There are two types of the feet excavators.

• Hydraulically powered excavators
• Cable excavators

Hydraulically powered excavators

The conventional shovel excavators are being improved upon to provide all hydraulic operation. The advantage of powered excavators over the conventional shovel excavators are given below. The dead weight of the bucket or the boom does not come in to play. The power for excavators is derived from the trust of double acting hydraulic Ram. As the result of this the weight of the machine is reduced the rely increasing the powered, weight rate. Because of better power, weight ratio the machine can operate on surface like rock, frozen clay, sifts or boggy Soil. It is efficient & easy to control & give a shock tree operation. It reduces the service cost & operation cost.

Motor Grader

The motor grader is equipment used for leveling & finishing earth work It is particularly suited for maintenance of earthed roads The various attachments of grader are given below

The Blade : It is cured like the door blade & is fitted with replaceable edges on the sides & at the bottom.

The clarifier : It is a tool loosening hard soft. It can be attached in the front or in the rear of the machine

The Elevator : This helps the grader to pick up the cut material. This picked up material. Dropped over an inclined belt conveyor The. Attachment conveyor transmits the material in to carrier unit

Rollers : There are attached to there of the grader to consolidate the graded surface. For grading the machine mares forward & the steering is controlled by the steering wheel.

The following operation can be preformed the grader:

• Grading
• Spreading
• Side crowing
• Road cutting
• Bank dressing
• Mixing material

Backhoe Loader (J.C.B)

This type of machine is basically built up around a heavy duty industrial tractor with special purpose chassis. The engine is a water closed diesel of Approximately 60 H.P The front-end backhoe – attachments are fully hydraulically pearled

The front end loader attachment is suitable for loading tucks & tractor frailer etc. from stockpiles. It can also be used for light duly escalation jobs,

Knelling & maintenance of the road should be etc.

The front-end share has a capacity of 0.9 m3 & with a maximum loading height of 3.2m

The backhoe loading attachment is especially useful for cutting & cleaning work, earth spreading work, drain & culverts & medium duty digging jobs

The maximum digging depth is 4.3m & the maximum reach at the ground level is 5.5m with stander arm.

JBC Backhoe Loader

Earth compaction equipment

Earth compaction is one to the most important civil engineering construction processes. Encountered in the fled of constructor. For that various type of machines equipment used in our site such as, In the site, soil is compaction by using following mentioned

Tandem, double drum (ride on)

Two drums exert the compaction effort, one drum behind the other they are also available in rigid articulated frame

Double drum, walk behind

The compaction effort is erected by two drums & this is also available both in rigid & articulated frame In the rigid frame type the chassis of the frame of the machine is made as a single rigid unit. In articulated frame type the chassis or the farm is made of two units & these two units are pirated at a point between the two axles of the machine, Such that the frame could rotate in a horizontal plane through the pivot. One of the main advantages of the articulated type is that, such a machine can turned in a small area than a rigid frame type.

Double Drum

Pneumatic tired rollers (PTR)

Pneumatic tired roller are available in varying size form I tones to 200 tones. These may to tow or self propelled. These each axis consist four to Nine types. The axis are arranged in such a way that the gaps in front wheels are covered by rear wheel s this priding a complete coverage. Pneumatic tired rollers are used to compact sugared asphalt work bases of airfields & some times in earth dams.

Pneumatic Tired Roller

The compacting ability of this type depends on

• Air pressure of tires
• Width of tires
• Number of tires
• Weight of the unit

In recently developed models the type pressure can be changed without a topping the machine, thus varying the computing ability.

Rammers

Rammers are used to compact soil in restricted small areas. The most common type in the frog rammer. The comp active force is generated by dropping weights the weight of rammers vary from 70 lbs to 3cwt. There are frog rammers weighting up to one tone they are operated either by interval combustion engines or by pneumatic power.

Rammer

Vibratory Rollers

The application of vibratory rollers in soil compaction has become popular in the recent past the first towed type vibratory rollers have been manufactured in the 1940’s. In 1960’s its popularity rose sharply due to rapid advancements made in this connection today vibratory rollers have experienced outstanding success both in granular & cohesive soil’ A rotating out of balance weight produces the vibrations in this type of rollers.

The static weight of the drum applies a compaction force by inducing vibrations of that drum the compaction trace is increased this vibrating force is used to over come fractural & cohesive resistance of the material being compacted, thus aching a greater density.

The vibrating rollers are available with smith drum, sheep-fast drum or with pad foot drum however smith vibratory rollers are not recommended for compacting by a separate engine.

Asphalt Paver Finisher

A paver finisher is a machine for laying asphalt for road construction to give accurate depth, even levelling and good surface finish before rolling. We can use Paver for sub base or ABC work. But our site they have not used. But it is compared to the motor grader method, is found more suitable, because,

• Better and easier respect of levels, both longitudinal and transverse.
• Improved homogeneity of the plant prepared mix.
• Uniform pre-compaction.
• Improved adherence of asphaltic courses.

The paver can easily handle asphalt and all asphalt mixes, coated and uncoated materials, crushed stones and dry lean concrete, in fact all road making materials other than wet concrete. This is the equipment used for paving road surface with asphalt. The paver should be capable of spreading finishing and providing initial compaction of the asphalt mix. It should be able spread the mix to correct lines, grades levels, dimensions and cross section intended, either over the entire width or part of widths as case may be.

Asphalt Paver